BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION (1)

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Question 1

Who was the first to attempt a scientific classification of organisms?

A) Linnaeus

B) Aristotle

C) Whittaker

D) Darwin

Answer: B) Aristotle
Explanation:
Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification.
(refer Pg.No.10 of NCERT)

Question 2

What classification system did R.H. Whittaker propose?

A) Two Kingdom System

B) Five Kingdom Classification

C) Three Domain System

D) Six Kingdom Classification

Answer: B) Five Kingdom System
Explanation:
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
(refer Pg.No.11 of NCERT)

Question 3

Which kingdom includes organisms that are primarily unicellular eukaryotes?

A) Protista

B) Fungi

C) Plantae

D) Monera

Answer: A) Protista
Explanation:
All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

Question 4

What is the primary mode of nutrition for fungi?

A) Autotrophic

B) Heterotrophic

C) Chemosynthetic

D) Photosynthetic

Answer: B) Heterotrophic.
Explanation:
The fungi constitute a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms.
(refer Pg.No.16 of NCERT)

Question 5

What type of bacteria are known for living in extreme habitats?

A) Eubacteria

B) Archaebacteria

C) Cyanobacteria

D) Mycoplasma

Answer: B) Archaebacteria
Explanation:
Archaebacteria are special since they live in some of the most harsh habitats such as extreme salty areas (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens).
(refer Pg.No.13 of NCERT)

Question 6

Which group of protists includes diatoms and golden algae?

A) Euglenoids

B) Chrysophytes

C) Dinoflagellates

D) Slime moulds

Answer:B) Chrysophytes Explanation:
Chrysophytes include diatoms and golden algae (desmids).
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

Question 7

What is the cell wall composition of fungi?

A) Cellulose

B) Chitin

C) Peptidoglycan

D) Silica

Answer: B) Chitin
Explanation:
The cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin.
(refer Pg.No.11 of NCERT)

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of Kingdom Monera?

A) Eukaryotic

B) Multicellular

C) Prokaryotic

D) Photosynthetic

Answer: C) Prokaryotic
Explanation:
All prokaryotic organisms were grouped together under Kingdom Monera and the unicellular eukaryotic organisms were placed in Kingdom Protista.
(refer Pg.No.4 of NCERT)

Question 9

What type of reproduction is primarily used by bacteria?

A) Budding

B) Fission

C) Spores

D) Fragmentation

Answer: B) Fission
Explanation:
Bacteria reproduce mainly by fission
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

Question 10

Which organism is known to cause malaria?

A) Amoeba

B) Plasmodium

C) Trypanosoma

D) Paramoecium

Answer: B) Plasmodium
Explanation:
The most notorious is Plasmodium (malarial parasite) which causes malaria, a disease which has a staggering effect on human population
(refer Pg.No.16 of NCERT)

Question 11

Which of the following best describes Aristotle's classification system?

A) Based on genetic similarities

B) Emphasized ecological roles

C) Focused on morphological characteristics

D) Utilized molecular data

Answer: C) Focused on morphological characteristics
Explanation:
Aristotle used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs. He also divided animals into two groups, those which had red blood and those that did not.
(refer Pg.No.4 of NCERT)

Question 12

What was a significant limitation of Linnaeus' Two Kingdom system?

A) It was too complex for practical use

B) It did not account for prokaryotes

C) It excluded multicellular organisms

D) It was based solely on reproductive methods

Answer: B) It did not account for prokaryotes
Explanation:
Classification of organisms into plants and animals was easily done and was easy to understand, but, a large number of organisms(Prokaryotes) did not fall into either category.
(refer Pg.No.10 of NCERT)

Question 13

R.H. Whittaker's Five Kingdom Classification was proposed in which year?

A) 1950

B) 1969

C) 1958

D)1947

Answer: B)1969
Explanation:
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification.
(refer Pg.No.11 of NCERT)

Question 14

In Whittaker's classification, which kingdom includes organisms with a chitinous cell wall?

A)Monera

B)Protista

C)Animlia

D)Fungi

Answer:D)Fungi
Explanation:
In Whittaker's classification, Kingdom Fungi includes organisms with a chitinous cell wall
(refer Pg.No.12 of NCERT)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a criterion used by Whittaker for classification?

A) Cell structure

B) Body organization

C) Mode of locomotion

D) Mode of nutrition

Answer:C) Mode of locomotion
Explanation:
The main criteria for classification used by Whittaker include cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

(refer Pg.No.11 of NCERT)

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