BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION (2)

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Question 1

What distinguishes Eubacteria from Archaebacteria?

A) Cell wall structure

B) Presence of flagella

C) Mode of nutrition

D) None of these

Answer: A) Cell wall structure
Explanation:
Archaebacteria differ from other bacteria in having a different cell wall structure and this feature is responsible for their survival in extreme conditions.
(refer Pg.No.13 of NCERT)

Question 2

Cyanobacteria are known for which of the following characteristics?

A) They are always multicellular

B) They can fix atmospheric nitrogen

C) They lack chlorophyll

D) They are exclusively heterotrophic

Answer: B) They can fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Explanation:
. Some of these organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called heterocysts, e.g., Nostoc and Anabaena.
(refer Pg.No.13 of NCERT)

Question 3

Diatoms are significant in marine ecosystems primarily because they are:

A) Primary producers

B) Decomposers

C) Parasitic organisms

D) Pathogens

Answer: A) Primary producers
Explanation:
Diatoms are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans.
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

Question 4

Dinoflagellates are known for causing:

A)Red tides

B) Green algae blooms

C) Coral bleaching

D) Eutrophication

Answer: A)Red tides
Explanation:
Very often, red dinoflagellates (Example: Gonyaulax) undergo such rapid multiplication that they make the sea appear red (red tides).
(refer Pg.No.15 of NCERT)

Question 5

Which one of the following is an example for ciliated protozoan?

A) Agaricus

B) Entamoeba

C) Plasmodium

D) Paramoecium

Answer: D)Paramoecium
(Refer Pg.No.16 of NCERT)

Question 6

In fungi, sexual reproduction involves which of the following processes?

A) Budding

B) Plasmogamy

C) Bianry fission

D) Fragmentation

Answer: B) Plasmogamy Explanation:
Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes called plasmogamy which is the first step of sexual reproduction.
(refer Pg.No.17 of NCERT)

Question 7

What type of spores do Ascomycetes produce?

A) Basidiospores

B) Ascospores

C) Oospores

D) None of these

Answer: B) Ascospores
Explanation:
Sexual spores of ascomycetes are called ascospores which are produced endogenously in sac like asci (singular ascus).
(refer Pg.No.18 of NCERT)

Question 8

Which of the following fungi is commonly used in the production of antibiotics?

A)Penicillium

B) Saccharomyces

C) Rhizopus

D) Mucor

Answer: A)Penicillium
Explanation:
Some of the fungi are the source of antibiotics, e.g., Penicillium.
(refer Pg.No.16 of NCERT)

Question 9

The presence of which structure differentiates Euglenoids from other protists?

A) Cell wall

B)Cilia

C) Flagella

D) Pellicle

Answer: D) Pellicle
Explanation:
Instead of a cell wall, euglenoids have a protein rich layer called pellicle which makes their body flexible.
(refer Pg.No.15 of NCERT)

Question 10

Which of the following organisms is classified as a sporozoan?

A) Amoeba

B) Plasmodium

C) Paramoecium

D) Euglena

Answer: B)Plasmodium
Explanation:
Plasmodium includes diverse organisms that have an infectious spore-like stage in their life cycle.So, it is classified under sporozoans. (refer Pg.No.16 of NCERT)

Question 11

What is the primary ecological role of decomposer fungi?

A) Photosynthesis

B) Nitrogen fixation

C)Mineral recycling

D)) Pathogen control

Answer: C)Mineral recycling
Explanation:
Some members of deuteromycetes are saprophytes or parasites while a large number of them are decomposers of litter and help in mineral cycling.
(refer Pg.No.18 of NCERT)

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Kingdom Fungi?

A) They can be unicellular or multicellular

B) They reproduce via spores

C) Their cell walls contain chitin

D) They are primarily autotrophic

Answer: D)They are primarily autotrophic
Explanation:
1)Fungi ar emostly multicellular and some are unicellular, e.g.,yeats.
2) Asexual reproduction is by spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores, and sexual reproduction is by oospores, ascospores and basidiospores.So,they can reproduce through spores.
3)Fungal cell wall ha chitin.
(refer Pages 11,16,17 of NCERT)

Question 13

The term "dikaryon" refers to a stage in the life cycle of fungi where:

A) Spores are produced

B) Two nuclei coexist in a single cell

C) Fungal cells undergo binary fission

D) Mycelium is formed

Answer: B) Two nuclei coexist in a single cell
Explanation:
In fungi like ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, an intervening dikaryotic stage (n + n, i.e., two nuclei per cell) occurs; such a condition is called a dikaryon and the phase is called dikaryophase of fungus
(refer Pg.No.17 of NCERT)

Question 14

Which of the following statements about mycoplasma is true?

A)They have a rigid cell wall

B)They are the largest known bacteria

C)They are exclusively autotrophic

D)They can survive without oxygen

Answer:D)They can survive without oxygen
Explanation:
The Mycoplasma are organisms that completely lack a cell wall. They are the smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen. Many mycoplasma are pathogenic in animals and plants
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

Question 15

Which of the following groups of organisms is primarily aquatic?

A) Fungi

B)Monera

C) Protista

D) Plantae

Answer:C) Protista
Explanation:
Members of Protista are primarily aquatic.
(refer Pg.No.14 of NCERT)

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